Process of generating gas.



v c. E. LUcKE;

v PROCESS OF GENERATING GAS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2, 1908. 91 5,034. Patented Mar.9', 1909.

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C. B. LUGKE. v PROCESS OF GENERATING} GAB. APPLIOAIION mum 1m: 2, 190's.

Patdnted Mar. 9,1909.

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With'esblr: 2 I r r UNITED oEEIon' CHARLES EDUARD'LUCKE, OF NEW YORK, N.Y.

: rnoonss on eEnEaA'rmo GAS. A

'fofl innljppllcliien tiled Optober so, 1901 Serial/ No. 99,8Q 1.Divided ea onapplication fil ed Kay s, 190;.

, SariaLNq. 30,616. Y y

it knownilthat I, CH BLES Leone's:

following, is a specification, reference being had therein to' theaccompanying drawings, forn ing part thereof this application being.,divisional of my .ap lication for patent for coal-gas producer, erialNo. 399,801,-filed @LOctOBerBO, 1907 D n'ianufacturefof gases suitablefor use in gas My invention relates particularly to the ,enig'ines'fandinyjnvention has for. its object the econo znical. production of a gashavinga high efficiency as a gas-en ine fuel and free fromsubstancesdetrimenta to the operation of the engine, an 4/ aving acomposition particularly suited, '0 gas engine requirements. A moreparticular object of my invention is to produce from caking bituminouscoal a vaporsiand other hydrocarbons, and of great constancy of cornosition. H

My invention includes the process comprised in passing air throughandover an lgnitedfuelbed in limited and regulated or adjustedquantities, whereby the volatile fuel constituents are distilled andentirely burned orlcon pletely oxidized, and then pass ng.thesezcomple-tely oxidized gaseous products of complete combustionthrough a second andincadescent fuel bed which n is formed fromthepartlyeonsumed fuel taken from th'e first fuel bed, the second bedbeing disinct from the first bed and entirely separated therefrom andthe two beds being so related that unconsumed'gases from the first fuelbed or gases which are n0t c0m ple'tely oxidized, will be completelyoxidized before reaching the secondfuel bed, whereby the exothermic andthe endothermic reactions are entirely ,separated and the gaseousproductsfof complete. oombustionand the in' candescent unconsi rned'fuel unite to form 59 figced'oo iiib'ustiblegases adapted to the des redrp'oses;

,M myention also includes as-a part ofthe process the continuousagitation of the.

. Specifleati on of Letters Patent,

'with the gasifyinguoperotion by gas which is rich in carbon monoxid,comparatively poor .in ,hydrogen', free from' tarry of completecombustion. and'coke. siredenough additional air may be admitted IPatented March 9, i909.

first or high tem erature fuel .bed, whereby caking of the fue isobviated.

encountered in gasi 11g caking bituminous coal. The first is the {actthat the coal cakes in the producer chamber and interferes reventing airfrom Ifgassing ough the fuel ed. The other culty ies in the fact thatthe gas 'produ ced contains a considerable quantity of tar. ,,:Thepresence of tar is especially 0bjectionable in gas for use in gasengines because, it interferes with the proper o oration of the'engine.Anothercornmon di cultyis :that roontinuity of o eration is interferedwith by ash and clin or removal, resulting in. irregularity inquality'of gas produced, due

to varying pro ortions of hydrogen and volatile gases. T e only remedypracticed for eakinghas been the em loyment of down draft producers andthe Breaking up of the caked fuel from the top by means of bars; Attemts have been made to remove the tarfrom t e gas by niechanical means,for ex ample, by purifying and washing; also attempts have been made tosplit the tar into fixed gases by passing it through a high temperaturezone m the fuel bed; but in either of'these practices the result isalways imperfect? and some tarlike material remains in, the gas. l i

in carrying out iny present invention the coal is fired on a grateloeated at the top of a producer chamber; and the burning coalis'fedacross the grate and allowed to drop into the lower part of the chamber,where it forms a second bed of incandescentcoke. The grate at the top ofthe producer chamber may be substantially thesame, @1' se, as isordinarily used under steam bo1 ers and maybea mechanical stolier, as isshown in the accompanying drawings. Air is supplied to the gratefireboth at the top and ottom in adjusted pro o 'tions and in lim- 1it'ed .tile gases and the tar; The process'proceeds this stage beingreduced to gaseous products ,to bi rn some of the coke at this stage-orto uantities just so ic ent todistil andentire y burn or completely oxidze the vola.

99 by its own heat of combustion,- the coal'at i If do.- w

.55 In practice; twogriincip'al difliculties are upper bed pass throughthe incandescent coke bed, hydrogen is produced from the a knownendothermic action,"

portions of the fuel are thus transferred or removed to the second fuelbed.

-ften ding to the coke bed, thereby securing ,complete combustion orcomplete oxidation of the ases distilled from the fiist or upper so. ofincandescent coke is reached. Final gas bed, arid tion at these ".steam,by well merely for regulation under varying'condisome of the coke, asteady stream of gaseous .These completely oxidized gaseous productscarbon dioxid and the carbon of the coke, I :";and these stable or fixedcombustible gases are delivered to the i final gas outlets. '1\Ierely asa matter of regulation, air inlets but it is thought usually suchintermediate 'tion and passed below the gas outlets, but it -neath airsupply will not be needed.

coal is continuously fed'to one side or part of the gratevrhi'leincandescent coke? or coke and cinders are discharged from the otherside or part of the-grate and fall to the second bed at the bottom ofthe producer chamber. All of the unconsumed or u'n'oxidized solid At thesametime, as theresult of the combustion of the volatile parts'of thecoal and possibly of roducts of complete combustion v ill fiow rom thesurface of. the grate fire. These gaseous products are completelyoxidized, containing no unburnedniaterial, and consist chiefly of carbondioxid, steam, nitrogen and possibly a small quantity of free oxygen ofthe grate fire are passed downward through the incandescent coke bedwhich is built at the bottom of the producer chamber by the discharg:from the grate above; The to of'this'co e bed must be far enough be owthe upper fuel bed to prevent unconsumed'gases or the flame of gaseousfuel between the two beds from reaching or ex fuel be before the secondbed or lower bed outletsare' located below the top of the coke heroducer is operatedby su'c v nal outlets. l/Vheh the'coin pletelyoxidized gaseous products from the and carbon monoxid is produced fromare provided to introduce air into the producer' chamber between the twofuel beds and into the gaseous products of combustion from the firstbed,to keep up the temperature of the coke bed to the gasifying point,

air supply will not be necessary; Also tions, air may be admittedunderneath the lower bed of incandescent coke, to gasify any coke whichmay have escaped gasificais also thought that ordinarily this under- Anembodiment of my'invention by which the process may be carried out willnow be describedwith reference to the accompanying drawings, after whichI will point out my invention in claims. I

.Figure 1 is a median vertical section of a, gas producer adapted tocarry my invenl tion.. Fig. 2 is a sectional 'r-oc of Fi 1.

The illustrated embodiment of my invention comprises averticallyarranged producer chamber having an upright body portion 1 andan arched top 2. The construction SllQ'i'aIl is especiallyintendedfor'gasifying (raking bituminous coal. The coal is first ignitedon a grate shown as comprisinga mechanical stoker. The grate arrangementor construction of Stoker shou n is :1 ell knot. 11 as applied to thefurnaces of steam boilers. Pivoted grates or grate sections 3 arearranged in the form of a terrace or in successive ste s, the grateshelves being pivoted to an inc ined support 4'. The coal iscontinuously agitated and fed don nward and across the rates by rockingor shaking the grates 3. R00 ing movement may be impartedto the gratesby a link 5 common to allt-he grate sections 3 and to which ispivot-ally conplan on the line nected a rocking lever 6, which in turnis actuated by a pitman 7 and eccentric 8 carried by a continuouslyrotating shaft 9. The coal is not completely consumed in this upper fuelbed, and when the partly consumed coal or coke reaches thednner edge orlow er edge of the grate it falls do the bottom of the producer chamberand t ere accumulatesto form a second fuel bed 0fincandes cent coket Thegrate steps 3areso. con

;structed and arran ed as to )re'v'ent an r of e l .3

the fuel thereon from falling through to the gback thereofi'but all ofthe unoxidized solid iportion of the fu el, including ash and cinders ifany, are dropped to the lover bed or second e I I 1 As fast as the coalin its coked or partly consumed 'form is dropped from the lower andinner edge of the grate of the stoker it is Ireplenishcd with green orfresh coal'continuously su )plied to the upper and outer edge of suchsto er grate. The means for supplying or feedin'gfuel to the gratescomprise i fuel hopper 10'and a horizontal discharge tube or chute 11leading from the hopper and oponing or discharging upon the uppermost ofthe A grate sections 3. The coal descends by gravity from the ho per 10into the horizontal chute 1] and is ed through the chute 11 to replenishthe fuel bed on the grates 13. The means" for feeding the coal through}the chute 11 are 'shoun as comprising a reciprocating plunger 12 fittingin the chute 11 contiguous to the outlet opening of the hopper 10. Thefeed plunger 12 is adapted to be reciprocated by a link 13 pivotallyconnected thereto and to a bell crank lever. 14. The bell crank lever 14is actuated by a pitman15 and eccentric 16 carried by the continuouslyrotating shaft 9. The pitman 15 is adjustable radially on the bell cranklever 14 by means of a slot as shown,-and the rate of feed grates insubstantially the same manner that pitman along the slot .to differentpositions radially to the fulcrum pivot of the bell crank lever, tothereby give a longer or shorter .stroke to the feed plunger 12. 1 7

Air is supplied to the burning coal on the it is usually supplied to anordinary grate fire under a steam boiler, but inthe present instance theair supply is limited and regulated so as to secure the desired resultof complete combustion of the volatile fuel conuantity of-air passingthrough the burning.-

uel may be regulated by a damper 19in the conduit or passage 17.- Themeans sho xn for actuating the damper 19 comprise amanually actuatablescrew 20. The air conduit17 obtains air from a preheating chamber 21having anatrhosphericair inlet 22.

Combustion of; the :volatile fuel constituents will for the-inost parttake place within the upper fuel bed,jla'ut there-,cvill be somevolatile vapors distilled near the surface ofthe bed and especially fromthe greener por tions of the fuel and which will esdape'unconsumed fromthe surface of the fuel bed.

the fuel-bed to completely oxidize or entirely burn these escapingvapors, therefore provision is made for admitting c air iinInedlatelycabovefathe fuel bed when desired, c means provided for this purposecjoznp rise on air inlet opening 23 located at the front of and justabove the The air inlet 0 ening fire on the grates 3. 23 is controlledby a damper 24 whic mabe adjusted to regulate the amount of air admittedat this point. i

The incandescent partly consumed'coal or coke'which falls from the upperfuel bedis received at the bottom of the producer chamber on an ordinarygrate 25 disposed at a distance abovc the bottoin of the chamber suflicient to provide an ash pit asshown beneath the grate 25, severalopenings'being provided for the removal of the ashes and closed by doors26. At some distance above the grate 25 a-numb er (shown as three)- offinal gas outlets or discharge tubes 27 com municate with the producerchamber and unite toform a service conduit 28 which may lead to anypoint of use or storage of the gas. The entrances to the discharge tubes27 are shown as provided with screens 1 29 to prevent theentrancethereto of coke The greater part of or cinder-s from theproducer-chamber. ,Tiie #5 body 1 of. the producer chamber ispreferablyprovided 'with an undercut groove forming a ring discharge asshown. The preheating chamber v21 surrounds the as discharge tubes-27and serves the doube purpose of heating the'air supplied to the undersurface of the upper fuel ed' and of cooling the dise charge gas.

I In operation the incandescentcoke which 1 falls from thefgrates oftheupper fuel bed accumulates on the lower grate 25 and forms a secondor lower fuel bed of a depth extending for some distance above the.final as outlets 27. The .producer operated ,y suction applied. to theservice .oonduit 28. The air and volatile gases, are distilled and come,oxidized orfentirely burned; These.

pletel comp etely oxidized gases or gaseous prod} .80 admitted throughtheair inlet-cdfiiduitl? and i damper 19 passes through theuaperignited. fuel bed, and the ail", if zany, 'sdmitted;

ii'nmediatalg i.

uctsof complete combustion pass downward and through the incandescent(bed of coke 'i' ontheii: we to the final gas outlets 27:. the second he.of complete combustiomfrom' the first bed chemically unite to formfixedcombustible d the combustible constitueiitsv of the second bed' andthe gaseous products gases) It should be particularly noted that thesegaseous products of complete com I 'bust-ion'comprise volatiledistillates, includ- Under someconditions of -o eration sufli-' I cientair may not pass throug and inert. This abso utely precludes thepossibility of the presence of tar in the final product of combustiblegas delivered for) use, for the reason that all tarry distillates aredestroyed before the-building up ofthe final product of fixedcombustiblo'gas is begun, and at a point or location jthat is isolatedordistinctly separated from. the lo- :catiori where the final gaseousproduct is formedr The upright body portion 1 of ,the producer is longenough or extends far enough above the top of the'second fuel bed topermit all of the vapors or' volatile fuel 4 constituents to becomecompletely oxidized inthe space between the twofuel beds and thereby toprevent any unconsumed gases or l 12o apors from reaching the bed of'incnd cent coke. v

Theextent of the-combustion at fuel bed should always be sufficient toen.

tirely consume all of the volatile constituents of the'fuel"; and iffound desirable inpany particular instance enough additional air maybeadmitted to consume also some of' the non-volatile, constituents, thatis to;

-some of the stean'r into I ditions of service &

ducer at a point below the grates 3.

7 air inlets ,29 are controlled" by dampers 30 -elfect regulation andeffect opened to poke either 'the up which may be opened or closed moreor less as desired. Under most conditions it is. thoughtit will notbe'necessargj'to admit any air whatever tl'irou h the inpers 30and'*-inlet s 29, but shoulr it be necessary ,to. raise theifieinperature of air may-be thus admitted, therefore serve merelyregulation.- Provision is" also inad'e for admitting air beneath thelower fuel bed, to

perfect operation under ecial conditions, but it isthought thatordinarily it will be unnecessary 'to admit air at this point. The meansvided' for admitting air below the lower fuel bed comprise dampers 31located "in the ash pit doors.26. the dampers 3 1 to gasify' any cokethat may have passed below the gas outlets.- assures completegasification of the coke at the bottom. Air admitted at the bottom of"the chamber will act on the coke in the same manner as it is acted' onin an ordinaryproducei'. action of the producer in producing as will becontinuous during ash removal, ecause as the ashes are taken out thecoke bed will settle down below the gas outlets and operate as abovedescribed.

Suction at the gas discharge conduit will draw in air through whateverdampers may be at'the time open I sponding to the extent to whichthe.dan 1pers are 0 en. Alt ough caking and clinkering are re ducedmeans for poking the fuel beds. Accordingly such means are provided andcom rise a poking cover 32 located in the" inc ined portion of the top2. The cover 32 ma be per be burning coal or the lower bed oflncandesceiit The poking will not interfere with the continuousproduction of gas, and this is of advantage, because an engine fed bythe producer may continue to operate. When the cover 32- is open thelower part. or main'body of the producer chamberacts in the same manneras an ordinaryproducer.

coke.

I the coke to cinders Should some air pass through possible thatsometimes the temperature exigencies and conmeans are provided for faseous products of e -two fuel beds. Such means comprise air inletopenings 29 in the upright or vertical body 1 of the ppm! .duction zonesolely having bed "the lower fuel bed I The dampers 301 for thepurpose'of pro- This ..bons, and, of 'more .continual agitation of thethe: continuously rocking and in quantities corre- I to a minimum, yetit is best to have.

I The action taking place at the upper fuel bed and in the gas regionbetween the fuel beds is exothermic or heat producing and the action,taking place'at the lower fuel bed is endothermic or heat consuming, andthese exothermic and endothermic reactions are completely separated sothat all gases which enter the lower fuel bed are in a condition or Istate of complete oxidation before reaching the lower bed or coke bed.

, 'no high temperature carbon zone, but, on the The coke bed has dioxidformation contrary, V constitutes a rea lower temperature; thereforethere is no tendency to clinker or to burn, the lining and nopossibility of burning as formed by air leaks as in' sin le ro ucers'. IThe temperature of -t 1e mainbed or coke bed is maintained byincandescent a'ccretions from the first bed and by the heat ofthegaseous products of complete combustion from the .first bed, all ofwhich have ahighteinperature and which add their I sensible heat tomaintain the temperature of I the coke bed, The high temperature carbondioxid zoneis at the rst\or upper-fuelbed. On account of the completeseparation of the exothermic ,and; the, endothermic reactions thegasifying temperature may be kept down without the addition of much, ifany,'s team, giving, a

gas containing less hydrogen and, ,correspon mgly richer in carbon monoxd.

ydro

en, as is well known, has properties rendering it to some extento'bjectionable'as Also the final gaseous no gaseous hydrocarimportanceyet, will be substantially constant in composition. The gas formed, y myprocess is particularly suited to the requirements of gas engines,havinga low heating value and no illuminating va ue i I Air stoppagefrom caking in the upper fuel ,bed is substantially obviated by theburning fuel by grates. On account of the reduced tendency to clinkerthe producer maybe operatedfor longer periods than is usual. The airpassin through and over the upperfuel bed comp etely oxidizes orentirely burns the volatile constituents of the fuel, and the heatgenerated by this com.- bustion raises to gaseous products cl and thenon-volatile fuel constituents, the latter consistin mostly of cokewhich is heated to incan escence.

a hi h temperature both the complete combustion It is evident from theabove descriptioir that the operation of the ous. Y I

.The principal characteristics of my invention are the completeseparation of the exothermic and the endothermic reactions and theproduction of the first or exothermic reaction by the admission of airin proper regue lat'ed quantities, including the passmgof aircproduceris continu- 2 5 from the first location as not to,be reached by bed toform a second fuel bed at another. 7 point so distinctly sepa'rated fromthe fi'rst '50' oxidized gases through the mean escent '55 consists in py through a bed of urning solid fuel to distill in limited and regulatedquantities through: the first fuel bed; and the gri'ricipal advan 'tagesof my invention are viating 'cak-in andfreedom from tar'of the gasroduce d and the production of ages whic is very-,constant:in"'composition. A further reat, advanta is thecompletecontrol of a the.

chemica and mechanical processes.

It objvious that various 'modifications 10 ina be made in the processabove particuar y carry' out the process shown and above. particu arlydescribed within the principle and scope of my invention.

I claim: I 1. 'Theprocess. of making fuel gas which ,consists in passingair in. pro

e1: regulated antities through burnin fue q to distil and o mfiletely'oxidize the v0 atile constituents ft e fuel and to render incandescentthe non-volatile constituents of the'fuel, substan tially continuouslyremoving all of theincan-i descent unoxidized solid constituents of fuelto another location so distinctly separated volatile roducts ofdistillation from the burning $1 at the first-location and which havenot yetbeen completely oxidized, sube stantially continuouslysubstituting green fuel for that removed, and passing t e com--. pletelyoxidized gases throu h the'removed'; incandescent unoxidized so ids -to'convert the completely oxidized gases an'dthe oxidizable solidsinto'fixed combustible gases. s5 2. The process'of king fuel as whichconsists in maintaini an 'i ite fuel bed u ith sufiicient. air afmitter'through and over the fuel to distil and completely oxidize the volatilefuel constituents and to render, 4o incandescent the non-volatile. fuelconstituents, feeding all of the incandescent unoxi dized solidfuelconstituents from the fuel ed that the second bedhann'ot be reachedby volatile products of distillation from the first bed an which have"not yet beencom pletel oxidized, feed' r g green fuel to the' first uelbed, and

ing the com letely second bed to convert'the completely oxi- 1 dizedgases :and the oxidizable solids intofixed' combustible gases. I 3 i x Y3. The process of making fuel, gas which air-irraufficient quantit.

an'dentirely burn the volatile gases and the tar, r'e'mbvi all of theincandescent unconsumed sohds to another location to form a second fuelbed so distinctly separated from thefirst bed that the second bed cannotbe reached by volatile gases fromthe first bed and which have not yetbeen entirely burned and-passing the gaseousprod-- described and in theconstruction for produce from -no admixture of othergasesflexcepting-the nitrogen dilutent from the air used. in the nets ofcomplete combustion through this incandescent bed' to-cau se such gasesous roducts ofhcombusti'on and: the com" .bustible solids of the secondbed to chemic'a'lly unite to form fixed. combustible gases.

4.'.Theprocess of making 'fuel gas which consists in assing air.ini'pr'op'erregulated auantities t rough a bed o burning fuel to istiland entirely burn-the volatile constituents otthe fuel and to render thenon-volav tile constituents: of the *fiiel inca'ndescent, feeding allofthe burnin" fuel across the bed and to a lower levelto rnizatsuchlower levelq an incandes'centxsecmid bedso dis 7 tinctly separated fromthe first'bed that the second bed cannot be reached. by volatileproducts of distillation from the. first bed,

' and which have not-yet been. entirely burned and passing the gaseousproducts of comple'te combustion through this second bed to cause su'cligaseous products and theacoms5 bustible-solids of-the: secorfdjbed toschemically unite to form fixed combustible gases. 5. The processofmakin'g fuelr'gaswhich" consists in assing. air in proper re latedquantities't rough-and over a' bedm Pburning fuel to 'distil andentirely burn the vola tile constituents of the fuel and to render thenon-volatile constituents of the fuel incan-- descent, feeding allof the"burning fuel across I the bed and to, a lower :level to form at suchlower level anincandescent second bed so dis tinctly separated from-thefirst bed that the second bedfcannot be reached lay-volatile products ofdistillation from the first bed and which have not yet been entirelyburned, and passing the aseous roducts \of complete combustion t rough tis second bed-to cause such gaseous products and thecombustible .solidsof the second bed to chemically unite to. form. fizted combustible ases.a (Li The process of making fuel gas Which consists in feeding air inproper re lated quantities to ited h droca-rbon uel to t e;volat e fuelconstituents 'ca'rbondioxid and steam, the unconsumed solid fuel toanother loan tion 'so' distinctly separated from the lfirst location notto be reached by distilled vapors from; the ignited fuel of the'firstlocation and-'wl'iichhave riot yet been com- 11:;

letely'mcidized, sueh unconsurned solid fuel -arming; attire"second-location an incandescent bdll"";containing solid carbon, andpassing the carbon dioxid and steam through transferring all of 1 1 atlie'incandescent-bed to cause achemicalr:

' arrangement by which carbon monoxid and hydrogen, are produced withsubstantially g ous coal todjstll and entirely burn the volatilegasesand the tar and to render the solid 'un- 1S0 llwlfillllolllilllLetters Patent No. 915,034

cons'iimed portions incandescent, substantially continuously agitatingthe burning coal to prevent caln'ng, feeding all of the burning coal ofwhich the volatile portions have been 5 consumed to'another location to"form at the second location an incandescent second bed so distinctlyseparated from the first bed that the second bed cannot be reached bygaseous distillates from the first bed and which have not yet beenentirely burned substantially continuous] supplying green coal to thelust bed tota e the place of the *paatl'y consumed coal fed to thesecond bed,

an plete combustion through this second bed to cause such aseousproducts and the combustible solids of the second bed to chemicallyuniteto form fixed combustible gases.

8.. The process of making fuel gas which consists in passing air inproper-regulated quantities to a bed of burning fuel to distil andentirely burn the volatile const'tuents of the fuel and. to render thenon vo tile )ortionsof the fuel incandescent, passing all of theyincandescentnon-volatile parts .of the fuel to a lower level toform atthe lower level a second bed so distinctly separated from the first bedthat the second bed cannot be reached by volatile products ofdistillation from the first bed and which have not yet been entirelyburned passing the gaseous products ofcomp lete combustion through thissecond bed to and the combustible; constituents of the 3 second bed tochemically unite to form fixed combustible gases and supplying air'inproper regulated quantities beneath the second .fuel

bed to assure complete combustion of all (if-the combustiblenon-Volatile fuel constituents.

9. The process of makingfuel gas which consists in passing air in properregulated quantities to' a bed of burning fuel to distil and entirelyburn the volatileconstituents of the fuel and to, render thenon-volatile portions of the fuel incandescent; passing all of theincandescent non-volatile parts of-the fuelto a lower level to form atthe lower .lcvel a semmd-bedso distinctly separated from the first bedthat the second bed'cannot he reached by volatile products of distilyetbeen entirely burned, passing the gaseous passing the gaseous'pr oductsof com' cause such gaseous productslation from the first bed and whichhave not products of complete combustion. through Signed and sealed this6th day oflApril, 1)., 1909..

this second bed to cause such gaseous prodnets and the combustibleconstituents of the the fuel and to render the non-volatile portions ofthe fuel incandescent, passing all of the incandescent level a secondbed'so distinctly separated from the first bed that the second bedcannot be reached by volatile products of distillation from the firstbedand whiclrhavenot yet been entirely burned passing the gaseous" productsof complete combustion through" this second bed to cause suchgaseousprod nets and the combustlble constituents --of the second bed tochemically uniteto fornr; fixed combustible gases, supplying an" m"-pr'oper regulated qi lantlties between the two fuel beds to keep up thetc'mper:1.ture of 'tlie $0 second bed to the gasifymg point, andsupplying air in proper beneath the second fuel bed to assure completecon'ibustion'of all of the combustible non-volatile fuel constituent-s.i 11. The process of making fuel gas, which consists indistillingmulcompletely oxidizing the volatile constituents of the fuel,the

non-volatile constituents of the fuel being removing all of the renderedincandescent, incandescent unoxidized solid constituents of the fuel toanother location distinctly sepurated from the location at'whichoxidation of the products of (liSlIlllilLlOIl is t'al'iingphice,

substituting green fuel for that removed, and 35 passing the completelyoXidiZed gaseous prodncts through the in'mmdescent unoxidized solids toconvert the completely 'oxftiieul gaseous products and the oxid-lzablesolids into fixed combustiblegush l Ilu testimony hereof llrn've-aiflixul my 'signulurc in pre ence oftwo Witnesses:

- 111 is herebiy certified that themmefdfihe patentee in Letters Patent$i5;034,

grinted MaLreh 9, 1909; for an improvement in Processes of GeneratingGas/ was errloneouslyprinted Charles Eduard Iucke, whereas said nameshould htwe been I printed Charles Edward iLucke} and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with l v I i this correction thereinthatthe some may conform to the record of the case 1n the 010.,BILLINGS, I Acting Commissioner-of Patenle.

non-volatile parts of the fuel to a lower level to f0 m at the lowerregulated quantities 1 cons'iimed portions incandescent, substantiallycontinuously agitating the burning coal to prevent caln'ng, feeding allof the burning coal of which the volatile portions have been consumedto'another location to "form at the second location an incandescentsecond bed so distinctly separated from the first bed that the secondbed cannot be reached by gaseous distillates from the first bed andwhich have not yet been entirely burned substantially continuous]supplying green coal to the lust bed tota e the place of the *paatl'yconsumed coal fed to the second bed,

an plete combustion through this second bed to cause such aseousproducts and the combustible solids of the second bed to chemicallyuniteto form fixed combustible gases.

8.. The process of making fuel gas which consists in passing air inproper-regulated quantities to a bed of burning fuel to distil andentirely burn the volatile const'tuents of the fuel and. to render thenon vo tile )ortionsof the fuel incandescent, passing all of theyincandescentnon-volatile parts .of the fuel to a lower level toform atthe lower level a second bed so distinctly separated from the first bedthat the second bed cannot be reached by volatile products ofdistillation from the first bed and which have not yet been entirelyburned passing the gaseous products ofcomp lete combustion through thissecond bed to and the combustible; constituents of the 3 second bed tochemically unite to form fixed combustible gases and supplying air'inproper regulated quantities beneath the second .fuel

bed to assure complete combustion of all (if-the combustiblenon-Volatile fuel constituents.

9. The process of makingfuel gas which consists in passing air in properregulated quantities to' a bed of burning fuel to distil and entirelyburn the volatileconstituents of the fuel and to, render thenon-volatile portions of the fuel incandescent; passing all of theincandescent non-volatile parts of-the fuelto a lower level to form atthe lower .lcvel a semmd-bedso distinctly separated from the first bedthat the second bed'cannot he reached by volatile products of distilyetbeen entirely burned, passing the gaseous llwl'fillllolllilll LettersPatent No. 915,034

passing the gaseous'pr oducts of com' cause such gaseous productslationfrom the first bed and which have not products of complete combustion.through Signed and sealed this 6th day oflApril, 1)., 1909..

the fuel and to render the non-volatile portions of the fuelincandescent, passing all of i the incandescent non-volatile parts ofthe fuel to a lower level to form at the lower level a second bed'sodistinctly separated from the first bed that the second bed cannot bereached by volatile products of distillation from the firstbed andwhiclrhavenot yet been entirely burned passing the gaseous" products ofcomplete combustion through" this second bed to cause such gaseousprodnets and the combustible constituents --of the second bed to chemicallyuniteto fornr; fixed combustible gases, supplying an" m"- pr'operregulated qi lantlties between the two fuel beds to keep up thetc'mper:1.t1u'e of 'the $0 second bed to the gasifymg point, andsupplying air in proper regulated quantities beneath the second fuel bedto assure complete con'ibustion'of all of the combustible non-volatilefuel constituent-s. 8:; 11. The process of making fuel gas, whichconsists in distillingmulcompletely oxidizing the volatile constituentsof the fuel, the non-volatile constituents of the fuel being renderedincandescent, removing all of the incandescent unoxidized solidconstituents of the fuel to another location distinctly sepurated fromthe location at'which oxidation of the products of distillation ist'al'iingphice, substituting green fuel for that removed, and 35 passingthe completely oXidiZed gaseous prodncts through the incandescentunoxidized solids to convert the completely 'oxftiieul gaseous productsand the oxid-lzable solids into fixed combustiblegush l In testimonyhereof l lrn've-aiflixul my 'signulurc in pre ence oftwo Witncsscs:

(11A RLES lCDlTJr'llD .lrUCKE. \Vitness s:

"J. CAMERON JRNKYNS, OTIS, 'looK Eu.

- 111 is herebiy certified that themmefdfihe patentee in Letters Patent$i5;034,

grinted MaLreh 9, 1909; for an improvement in Processes of GeneratingGas/ was errloneouslyprinted Charles Eduard Iucke, whereas said nameshould htwe been I printed Charles Edward iLucke} and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with l v I i this correction thereinthatthe some may conform to the record of the case 1n the 010.,BILLINGS, I Acting Commissioner-of Patenle.

s It is hereby certified that flle namepf tile patentee in LettersPatent No. 915,034,

gr uted March 9, 1909, for an impmmment in Processes of Generating Gas,"was en oneously prinlged Charles Eduard Lucke, whereas said name shouldhave been printed Charles Edward Lucke; and thattlm said Letters Patentshould be read with this correction therein that the same may conform tothe record of the case in th; Patqnt Olfice. k Signed and scaled this6th day of April, A. D., 1909.

[SEAL] C. C. BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

